Jul
18
TUIP: TRANS URETHRAL INCISION PROSTATE
July 18, 2009 | Leave a Comment
TUIP: TRANS URETHRAL INCISION PROSTATE
The TUIP is simply a pair of incisions made on the sides of the bladder neck that closes the bladder off from the urethra. The incisions are made through the urethra and is a simple procedure. Urologists are not sure why this works for the relief of BPH problems, but it does. Often urine peak flow is greatly increased, getting up at night is reduced and hesitation and some of the other less serious BPH problems are lessened.
This procedure is much like a TURP for the equipment used and the insertion. The electric knife makes only the two incisions and no removal of prostatic tissue is done. This is another option a patient with really bothersome BPH has to find relief
Jul
17
DANGERS AND SIDE EFFECTS
Let’s take a closer look at TURP and the statistical dangers and side effects.
1. Retrograde Ejaculation. This is in effect defacto sterilization. There is no other way to describe it. A vital part of the reproductive system in the male is contained in the prostate and other elements are injected into and flow through the urethra situated inside the prostate.
When most or all of the prostate is removed, the fluid that the prostate produces to lubricate and carry the sperm down the urethra is also gone. Now when orgasm takes place, muscular contractions propel the spermatozoa and fluid from the prostate and seminal vesicles into the prostatic urethra.
At the same time this happens, the neck of the bladder closes so the fluids must go down the urethra and out the penis. But after TURP surgery, this bladder neck closure is usually cut away to provide more space for the urine flow.
With the bladder neck open, the sperm and the fluid take the path of least resistance and are propelled into the bladder instead of out the penis.
This is called retrograde ejaculation. The sensation of the orgasm is the same for the man, there just isn’t any outside ejaculation.
With many TURP patients this is not a problem. Most men in the good TURP surgery candidate pool are no longer interested in fathering children. In most of the cases when a patient is told about this drawback and result of the TURP, he will not have any major problems with it. The trouble comes when a patient is not told about retrograde ejaculation and finds out on his own and is furious that he wasn’t informed before the operation.
In the extreme case where fatherhood is still desired, the ejaculate can be retrieved after the next urination after the orgasm, and the semen gathered and preserved and used in an insertion procedure into the woman’s vagina, the same as any artificial insemination. It works.
2. Bleeding. TURP involves a lot of cutting of tissue and the enclosed blood vessels. Bleeding is a natural course of events. Most of the bleeding is stopped during the operation by cauterization.
As with any cut or wound, a scab develops. This should stay for two or three weeks and then fall off. By then the blood vessel should be healed. If the scab falls off sooner bleeding usually begins and shows up in the urine.
This happens in only about one percent of all TURP patients and is often caused by straining to pass a stool. Usually this bleeding can be helped by a patient drinking lots of fluids to cleanse the area. Only rarely is there a need for the patient to be readmitted to the hospital to correct the condition.
3.1ncontinence. (The inability to control voiding of urine.) This is one of the big fears of a TURP surgical patient. It is embarrassing and distressing, and can lead a patient to total social isolation.
Incontinence happens to from one to four percent of all TURP patients. Many urologists claim it is less frequent, and say it can be the result of the normal surgical risk factor.
The problem comes when the electric knife cuts too near the sphincter voluntary muscles which control the flow of urine. If these muscles are damaged then the patient may become incontinent.
The other means of continence is the external urethral sphincter. Damage here can lead to a stress type of incontinence.
Incontinence after a TURP operation does not have to be permanent or irreversible. There are drugs that can be used to relieve the situation. Another possibility here is the use of an artificial sphincter.
At any rate this is one of the areas that you should discuss with your doctor prior to any prostate operation.
4. Impotency. Experts in this field say about five percent of all TURP patients come out of the operation and are impotent even though they were not that way going in.
Impotency is simply a man’s inability to achieve an erection, or to maintain it long enough for vaginal penetration.
The “manliness” of a male is a highly subjective area, and statistics on this element may be dramatically wrong in either direction. Many men may say they are able to achieve an erection and have intercourse when they are 70, 75, even 80. But age and other problems may have reduced that libido drastically so that even they were not totally cognizant of their ability to achieve a working erection. Time and age does this to all men.
Sometimes such an operation is a handy whipping boy for the sudden realization of impotency.
In any case, impotency is a fact of life for some of the men who have TURP operations, and you should know about it now. There is one sure way to develop impotency in a TURP patient. That is to damage one or both of the nerve bundles that are on each side of the prostate. These bundles are outside of the true capsule of the prostate. That means they are well outside of the area a surgeon’s electric knife should be operating to remove the prostatic tissue clogging the urethra. This is to say that a TURP properly carried out, should not harm these nerve bundles and that should not be the reasons for any impotency.
Some psychologists say that sex is at least 75% mental. This is why the cause of impotency, especially in men from 60 to 90 is extremely difficult to tie down. It may have been there before the operation and not recognized. The operation might create a psychological block preventing the erection. A now and then lack of a man’s ability to “get it up” is not uncommon even in younger men. The trauma of the operation, even the thought of some danger to a patient’s “manhood” and a negative spousal situation all can combine to create a psychosomatic impotency. This may be of a short or long duration.
There are drugs that can be used to help this impotency, and several devices that will be covered in a later chapter. Impotency, while not a large factor, is one that the surgery candidate for TURP should be well aware of.
Jul
16
TRADITIONAL PROSTATE SURGERY.
July 16, 2009 | Leave a Comment
The electrical wire loop emerges from the end of the tube and is used to cut away the prostatic tissue. Power is applied to the electric loop by the use of a foot switch when the surgeon wants to cut.
As he does this, the surgeon is watching the procedure through a lens that is located just outside the end of the penis.
When bleeding occurs inside the urethra, another foot pedal is pressed and the bleeding part is sealed off by cauterization so it won’t bleed. During the surgery the entire area is washed by glycine.
After the surgeon decides that he has removed enough of the enlarged prostate, the chips and shavings of the prostate tissue are removed with the glycine wash and sent to a pathologist who studies them to see if there are any beginnings of cancer of the prostate.
The surgeon may elect to remove most or all of the prostate but he will not harm the prostate’s surgical capsule. This new hole that has been created through the overgrown prostate now becomes a urinary canal. This means that the prostate enlargement tissue was growing around the urethra gradually closing it down and narrowing it. The inner walls of the urethra have been cut away carving a new canal through the prostatic tissue growth.
After the cutting is done, a thin, flexible rubber or plastic tube is then passed through the penis and urethra and into the bladder so urine can be drawn from the bladder.
This tube remains in place for a few days because of some bleeding that may take place in the prostate. When the tube is removed, the patient will be able to urinate normally again.
This catheter, used after the TURP surgery, consists of three lumens or tubes. One is used to send in and remove a wash of saline solution, salt water, into the bladder to irrigate and clean it. This saline solution usually is used for twenty-four hours after surgery.
The second tube is used to draw off urine. The third usually has a small balloon attached and is inflated so the catheter will not fall out.
The catheter to draw urine from the bladder stays in place for two days after surgery.
Most patients feel good enough to get out of bed a day after surgery and are feeling much better after four days. Yes, you can walk and talk and sit down with the catheter in place. It usually comes out on the second day and no pain is involved.
The surgeon will deflate the balloon and the catheter can then simply slide out. The following day, most patients are discharged and sent home. Hospital stay: two days.
Most TURP patients get a prescription for antibiotics to be taken by mouth for one to two weeks after the surgery. This is a precaution to ward off any infection.
Post surgical suggestions from his urologists will probably advise the patient to take hot baths rather than showers for a while, drink lots of fluids, avoid spicy foods and watch out not to become constipated.
There won’t be any touch football games for a while, but most of the patient’s activities can be resumed, including driving, sitting at a desk and taking walks.
If there is any trouble it probably will be a slight burning during the first two weeks when he urinates, and even small amounts of blood in his urine. If this happens, the patient should call his urologist and report the problem just to be on the safe side.
When can you get back to work’? These are general guidelines. You’ll follow your doctor’s orders here. They will depend on the doctor, the patient and how well he recovers. Generally: If you do heavy manual labor, best to wait four to six weeks. Moderate labor will call for three to four weeks of vacation. The mental giant behind a desk or in a white collar position can get back in his harness after two weeks.
One caution. The TURP patient should hold off any sexual activity for six weeks after surgery. This will allow the canal through the prostate to heal completely.
The TURP surgery is performed about 400,000 times a year in the U.S. and the numbers probably are rising with the increase in percentage of our male population reaching the BPH age.
PROSTATE SURGERY
When you and your urologist decide that the best way to handle your BPH or other prostrate trouble is surgery, you have another decision to make. Which type of surgery will do the job that needs to be done?
Today, about 95 % of all BPH surgery uses the standard transurethral resection of the prostate, or TURP, as it is called.
Your urologist will explain to you in detail what this surgery involves.
The TURP is what surgeons call a closed operation. That simply means that there is no incision made in the body to get at the problem.
The TURP uses a surgical instrument that is inserted into the penis through the urethra. He’ll point out to you that this is done after the use of anesthesia. The instrument is a nonflexible hollow tube that extends into the narrowed portion of the urethra inside the prostate.
Inside this tube the urologist will insert a fiber optic micro-lens system that doctors call a resectoscope. This device includes a fiber optics light source, a lens and a electric wire element for surgery. The light inside the urethra lets the doctor see the problem and determine the severity of the problem.
Jul
14
CHRONIC PROSTATITIS. NONINFECTIOUS PROSTATITIS.
July 14, 2009 | Leave a Comment
CHRONIC PROSTATITIS
Sometimes the condition will be cleared up, or seem to be back to normal, only to have it flare up again alternative to levaquin .Cases like this are called chronic prostatitis.
At least this time the patient knows what he has and can get to the doctor quickly for early medication ingredients zyrtec .If the drug used before didn’t completely kill off the bacteria causing the problem, there is little chance the same medication will do any better during the next attack pamelor make you gain weight .Doctors watch for newly developed medications they hope will solve the problem bodybuilding pump with viagra .But so far there is no drug that will completely eliminate the chronic prostatitis problem.
Some urologists maintain that regular prostatic massage is one effective treatment forchronic prostatitis testosterone and hair growth .Other urologists never use the massage treatment how to inject tramadol .Some urologists suggest masturbation if sex with a partner is not available lowest price lipitor .Almost all urologists will agree that the best way to empty the prostate of fluid is regular sexual activity of any type leading to ejaculation.
As with many of the ailments of the prostate, the old favorite treatment of the sitz bath, simply a hot tub bath, is well received by prostatitis sufferers halfing zyprexa tablets .The heat from the water increases the circulation in the under-water area and that can help a number of problems.
Chronic prostatitis is not a good candidate problem to be corrected with surgery barqs caffeine .It would be a case of overkill, like throwing out the baby with the bath water.
Urologists say that even if surgery were performed, the inflammation and pain could still come back in the prostatic capsule itself, even after most of the prostate had been removed drug amoxil .A prostatectomy also can bring up a whole new set of problems that the patient didn’t have before.
NONINFECTIOUS PROSTATITIS
When a man gets serious pains and the urologist rules out infectious prostatitis, there has to be another cause depakote er migraine .This might be from a whole group of problems and the doctors call this malady, noninfectious prostatitis.
The symptoms usually include lower-back pain, burning during urination, pain or slight discomfort after ejaculation, pelvic discomfort, and sometimes a slight but obvious bleeding during ejaculation.
The urologist will check the patient’s prostate and often he’ll find it to be filled with prostatic fluid, boggy and soft evista dosage .It may or may not be enlarged and may or may not have any hard lumps or nodules.
For this problem, there are few simple answers, no easy solutions and no absolutes hctz 25 mg compared to diovan .The medical experts say that this non-infectious prostatitis could be caused by some kind of bug we can’t see or don’t know about yet, or it could be some form of inflammation that isn’t infectious.
One constant seems to be that a prostatic massage will cause the patient to expel a great deal of prostatic fluid through the urethra and the penis testosterone for body building .This often brings immediate relief to the patient.
Urologists aren’t exactly sure why this works metronidazole male breast .They say that most men with normal prostates secrete a small amount of prostatic fluid every day gout use zantac .Most of this is passed off through the urine without the man being aware of it.
Upon sexual arousal this secretion can increase ten fold to do its job of helping to carry the sperm cells out the urethra and from the penis upon sexual climax.
When a man becomes aroused, and then frustrated and there is no orgasm, all of that extra prostatic fluid remains in the prostate liver damag and ibuprofen .If this happens occasionally, the fluid is soon discharged a little at a time through the urine zyprexa borderline .But repeated frustrations after arousal, can mean a large buildup in the prostate and this will soon lead to some of the symptoms described above.
There are cases where a man can produce more prostatic fluid that he normally ejaculates during an orgasm harmful side effects of boniva .This again will create a buildup of the fluid and can result in problems cipro and screwdriver .What this is saying is that there can be prostatic problems that have a direct relationship with a man’s sex life, and this includes too little as well as too much sex.
There are cases where there are symptoms of prostatitis, but absolutely none of the usual causes are present naproxen sodium and gout .Some urologists feel that such a problem can come about entirely from stress green tea and amoxicillin .Some doctors say that there may be a lack of tone in some of the perineal muscles and this could result In the buildup of prostatic fluid allegra high blood pressure .Nobody knows for sure.
This leads into the suggestion that there could be psychological reasons why some of these cases of prostatitis develop when there is none of the usual physical causes hair loss zoloft fatigue .Anxiety or stressful tensions dealing with sex, a man’s job, his spouse, school or family — about almost anything, are now thought to be sufficient in some men to create symptoms of prostatitis even without any of the usual physical causes.
In some cases antibiotics seem to be helpful, even though there is no known bacteriological cause digitek and gynecomastia .Urologists are always aware of the placebo factor, especially in cases like these that may be partly stress or psychologically based.
Simply giving a man a pill and telling him that this will
help his condition, often will help his condition lipitor cholesterol lowering drug .This is what doctors mean by the placebo effect buy olanzapine .Placebos have traditionally been sugar pills with absolutely no curative powers whatsoever order tramadol no prescription cod payment .However when a doctor gives the placeboes to a patient and assures him that this should cure his problem after ten days, it often works.
This merges into the psychological and the psychosomatic aspects of healing, and in this area no one is right or wrong.
What works, works, there is no reason to question it hydroxyzine withdrawal .Doctors and urologists say that the placebo effect must never be underestimated.
They point out in double blind clinical tests, the patients who are given the placeboes without knowing it, often show a strong rate of improvement purchase fluconazole online with out a .The sugar pill certainly didn’t do it, the placebo effect did club soma .The patient thought he would get better, and somehow, he did get better.
In the chapter on case histories, we’ll show several actual cases of both infectious and non-infectious prostatitis, and how the problems were resolved.
Jul
13
PROSCAR IN PROSTATITIS TREATMENT
July 13, 2009 | Leave a Comment
PROSCAR
One of the drugs of the future for controlling BPH may be a product now in final testing by Merck & Co. called Proscar. This drug blocks an enzyme that stimulates prostate growth. The Merck researchers say that the male hormone testosterone undergoes changes in the prostate gland and this is believed to be the primary factor in unwanted prostate growth when a man gets into his 40’s and 50’s and later.
By blocking this enzyme and refusing to let it change the testosterone, it would also stop the growth of the prostate.
Researchers say they are still in testing on the drug but it is in human clinical trials, one of the last of the procedures.
Using 350 patients in one clinical test, the drug reduced the size of enlarged prostates an average of twenty-eight percent. One third of the test patients also had a “dramatic improvement” in their urine flow.
Dr. John McConnell, assistant professor of urology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, said: “The drug is highly effective from a biochemical point of view. It does shrink the prostate.”
He went on to say since only about one-third of the patients had an improvement in urine flow, the drug is not applicable to all men or all BPH cases.
One advantage of the Proscar treatment is that it has resulted in no side effects, at least so far in the testing. Side effects have been the killer of most prostate drugs so far.
Proscar is in final testing and with success should win the Food and Drug Administration approval for sale in the “early 1990’s”. That could still mean that it’s three or four years away.
One drawback to Proscar has been determined so far. It takes “about three months” before the prostate shrinks enough to help in urinary flow problems.
Merck is excited about the new product from a breakthrough standpoint, but also because it could have a great financial future. The market for such a medication that works, is said to be in the hundreds of million of dollars a year. The quickly expanding male population in the “prostate years” adds to this sales potential. This is one product to watch closely.
Some drug industry spokesmen say Proscar and Merck may be facing a problem: getting urologists to prescribe a medication that could cut their income by reducing the 400,000 prostate surgeries a year. Most urologists discount this saying they welcome another tool to fight prostatic disease.
Jul
11
PROSTATITIS: LASER MINOR SURGERY AND OTHER NON MAJOR SURGICAL APPROACHES.
July 11, 2009 | Leave a Comment
LASER MINOR SURGERY
Yes, the laser is now finding its way into prostatic surgery. For some patients the balloon treatment doesn’t open the urethra enough. To help these patients, Dr. Roger S. Warner, a urologist at New York University in Manhattan, wields his laser to remove some of the offending tissue around the urethra, and then follows that up with the use of the balloon dilation. Dr. Warner said this treatment helped twenty-five out of twenty-nine patients treated.
Other doctors say that laser surgery, first used in medicine in the 1970’s, is only scratching the surface of its potential. In the future they say there will be a much greater use of the laser. Lasers can also be used to vaporize benign and malignant growths, and it’s all done quickly and simply without the patient trauma of an open surgery.
The role of laser surgery in urology is limited but it has a great potential. Dr. Israel Barken, a urologist in private practice in San Diego, and a researcher at University of California at San Diego Medical School, has a patent on a device to use in laser surgery of the prostate.
Intrasonix Company from Boston in conjunction with the Lahey clinic has developed a new device by the name of TULIP. They have used it in operations on 25 dogs so far with promising results.
In the future, from mid 1990, you may wish to ask your urologist about the possibility of having laser surgery by your urologist. Right now it’s still experimental, but work is going on in three places aroud the world.
OTHER NON MAJOR SURGICAL APPROACHES
Dr. Terrence R. Malloy, chief of urology at Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia, attacks the enlarged prostate tissue with ultrasound waves. The tissue is turned into a pulp and dislodged and then sucked out of the body by an aspirator.
Some research is now being done with microwaves. They are aimed directly at the enlarged prostate. Testing is now underway to see what results are of attempts to shrink the enlarged prostate tissue, thereby relieving the pressure on the urethra.
Another experimental type of minor surgery is the use of cryogenics. This utilizes a probe through the penis and urethra and into the heart of the enlarged prostate. The probe then releases liquid nitrogen into the enlarged tissue.
This intensely cold fluid freezes and shrinks the tissue and destroys it which relieves the pressure on the urethra. More experiments and results of this type of cryosurgery will be reported in the first half of the 1990’s we are sure.
Another new development in the opening of the urethra through the prostate is the insertion of a spring like spiral device that mechanically keeps the urethra open. This is a new technique and while some urologists have the springs available and can insert them, we expect much development in this area of the open urethra in the coming years.
Jul
10
NON MAJOR-SURGICAL BPH TREATMENTS
July 10, 2009 | Leave a Comment
NON MAJOR-SURGICAL w5tbpqac7u
BPH TREATMENTS
Remember our typical early BPH patient example? Well your clock has swept around and you’re now 63, your minor BPH symptoms are more severe. You can’t get through a night without getting up three or four times to urinate. Everytime you wake up you leap out of bed and rush to the bathroom.
During the day you’ve had to hold up a board meeting while you went to the toilet. You can’t take a car drive of more than an hour without stopping. On your business flights you always get an aisle seat so you can hurry to the cramped convenience two or three times during a flight.
Besides that, sometimes it hurts like outrageous sin.
So, you go back to see your urologist. For the past eight years he’s been “monitoring” your BPH. At every examination he assures you that there are no hard lumps or irregular growth of the two side prostate lobes. He says that means you probably don’t have prostatic cancer.
What happens next? You want some relief, you want to feel better and be able to lead a more normal life. It’s a quality of life situation you’re talking about and you want some help, now!
Your urologist agrees and the two of you sit down to talk about the possible ways that your situation can be eased.
You realize that once the prostate starts to grow, nothing we know of now will stop it, except total sterilization. That’s out. What other remedies are there?
THE BALLOON METHOD
One of the new treatments now getting wider acceptance is the use of a balloon. Urologists have borrowed this technique from the heart surgeons. The physician inserts a small tube about the size of spaghetti into the urethra. On the far end of the tube is an un-inflated balloon.
When the balloon is in the proper position in the urethra within the enlarged prostate, the physician inflates the balloon. This inflation is held for different lengths of time. Some urologists use a ten minute period of pressure by the balloon within the urethra to force the urethra to expand back to its original position.
This forces the prostate tissues outward. In some cases the outer casing of the prostate is “cracked” or broken to allow the enlarged prostatic tissue to move in that direction and eliminate the pressure on the urethra.
Just who first developed this technique is not known, but Dr. Flavin Castaneda, a radiologist at St. Francis Medical Center at the University of Illinois in Peoria, is one of the pioneers in the use of this new technique. He says that seventy-five percent of the BPI I patients he has used the balloon treatment on have been symptom free for up to three years after the treatment.
In another part of the country, more than 60 patients have been treated with the balloon dilation method at the University of Minnesota.
For eighty percent of these patients the urination problem was eliminated or significantly eased. This was for patients with enlargement of the side lobes of the prostate. When the narrowing of the urethra was because of enlargement of the middle lobe, the success rate dropped to thirty to forty percent.
Dr. Israel Barken, a urologist in San Diego, California, has been using the balloon treatment.
He says for this procedure the patient is tranquilized and the urethra is numbed with a local anesthetic. Then a thin, flexible tube with a balloon on the tip is inserted into the urethra and guided to the narrowed portion. The balloon is then inflated. He says he uses a time of about 20 minutes. This is an outpatient treatment and no hospitalization is needed. If the patient wants the procedure done in the office or the hospital, he can be accomodated.
Dr. Barken says before this procedure is undertaken, tests are made to assess the extent of the obstruction and to determine its precise location. At this point other tests are done to be sure there is no cancer present or any prostatic infection.
A catheter is left in the bladder until the following morning and then removed.
Dr. Lester A. Klein, an urologist at the Scripps Clinic in La Jolla, California says that at first the balloon treatment was effective on only about thirty percent of the cases. But now with doctors screening out the patients with poor chances for success with the balloon dilation, Dr. Klein says there is a success rate of eighty-six percent.
Dr. Klein is the designer of one of the balloon devices used in the operation and does the procedure himself at Scripps.
Dr. Barken has developed a similar technique using the same principles as Dr. Klein, but without the use of the sophisticated multiple balloons. This helps bring the cost down tremendously.
At this point in mid 1990, urologists who use the balloon technique have praise for it. They say it is effective, and is easy to do with the least amount of stress and worry on the patient. It is non-surgical, and as of yet, there have been no side effects reported. These three factors make it a favorite with patients as well especially when contrasted with surgery.
Another factor is the cost. While few hard figures are obtainable, one Boston urologist said the average total cost for a balloon dilation in the hospital is about $3,600. For the same TURP operation the cost is about $12,000. TURP surgery is one of the operations that remove part or all of the growth in the prostate.
A medical writer in the Wall Street Journal estimated that more than 2,000 of these balloon treatments have been done. A CBS news report about the same procedure said that over 5,000 of them have been undertaken in the past two years.
Not everyone agrees with the use of the balloon dilation treatment. Dr. John W. Schumacher, M.D. from Minneapolis says that this ignores the 10 percent of those who do get a TURP operation and the pathologist find that they have prostate cancer as well. Dr. Schumacher says that if a hundred thousand balloon treatments are used for BPH, then ten thousand of those men who have Stage A or B Cancer won’t find out about it — perhaps until it’s too late to cure them.
Dr. William J. Somers, M.D., a urologist, agrees. He puts hidden cancer of BPH patients at twenty to twenty-five percent.
He says that the use of the balloon dilation or drugs to reduce BPH symptoms is actually doing those twenty-five percent of the patients with hidden cancer a disservice. Other experts say these hidden cancers are rarely fatal in nature.
He maintains that there is no accurate way of determining who has prostate cancer and who doesn’t. Biopsy and ultrasound can help, but he says unless shavings of the gland are examined in a pathology laboratory, the cancer can metastasize and no one will know about it until it’s too late.
Dr. Walter Desmond, Jr. Ph.D. and research manager at Hybritech in San Diego has a slightly different view of the evaluation of the scrapings from a TURP operation. His firm makes a test called the PSA to evaluate the prostate specific antigen level in the blood. A high level can indicate the strong possibility of a silent cancer in the prostate.
He says that some pathologists fail to examine all of the tissue taken out during a TURP operation. Those who don’t evaluate all of the scrapings are shortchanging the patient.
He says the odds are even greater that a hidden cancer may be missed because a proper TURP cuts out the central part of the prostate tissue. The great majority of small cancers start not at the center of the prostate but near or on the surface of the lobes of the prostate, and these areas are often never touched by the surgeon’s electric knife when he cuts out the new canal for the urine to pass through.
Dr. Desmond seems to be saying that if pathologists are finding small cancers in the ten percent, or as high as 30 percent by some scientific evaluations of the TURP scrapings, then the true figure must be much higher than that taking into consideration the two factors presented here.
His slant seems to be that a chemical test such as PSA offers a much better method to detect early prostate cancer than any other method.
Jul
7
PROSTATE PROBLEMS AND ALCOHOL, BEER AND COFFEINE.
July 7, 2009 | Leave a Comment
ALCOHOL AND BEER
You knew this was coming. Alcohol is not good for the human body. Alcohol is especially not good for men with BPH.
“Hell, give up beer and a few shots of bourbon and maybe a highball or two? Damn, I’d rather die!” Such typical comments by moderate and heavy drinkers is often answered with the assurance of: “You will die and probably sooner than you expected to.”
For years some urologists have said that alcohol irritates the prostate. It also can cause serious problems with the liver. Some of the flavorings in alcohol can affect the prostate to such a degree that it can cause a kind of chronic prostatitis
For a man with even early BPH, the sudden or overuse of alcohol can bring on a surprise attack of acute retention of urine. This condition results in a desperate need to urinate but it is impossible. A quick trip to a doctor’s office or the emergency room of a hospital for catheterization and draining the bladder follows.
Good old common sense dictates that a man with even early BPH should seriously consider his consumption of alcohol and its relation to his prostatic condition. At this point many men simply don’t want to take the risk or stand the pain and problems associated with alcohol and BPH and stop drinking.
Beer drinkers will be furious, but the pint-in, pint-out and the much used bathrooms at bars and taverns, indicate that it is well known that beer drinking is immediately followed by voluminous urination.
Here common sense leaps up again. Beer drinking in the afternoon may be easily tolerated by some men, but not by others. Late night beer drinking will almost surely trigger two or three additional night time trips to the bathroom that otherwise could have been avoided.
If you insist on drinking beer, use a little common sense so it doesn’t trigger more unpleasant BPH reactions.
COFFEE, COLAS AND CAFFEINE
Yes, caffeine is the big tiger on your back here. Caffeine is a stimulant to the urinary tract: it makes you urinate more and more frequently. For most well people this is no problem, not even a minor inconvenience. Over the years your body will adapt to the added caffeine.
But when you have BPH, it’s different. You don’t need any more stimulation in your urinary tract. Neither do you need any more volume.
The BPH coffee drinker who normally goes through twelve, eight ounce cups of coffee a day is going to have a much harder time living with his urinary tract, than the non-coffee drinker, or even the man who drinks twelve, eight ounces of non-caffeine fluids a day.
Ounce for ounce, coffee and tea contain twice the amount of caffeine that regular cola drinks do. Of course now most of the colas come in caffeine free types as well. This is one place where you can have your cola and not your caffeine.
In the same manner, there are many caffeine free coffee brands now on the market.
If you want to manage your body with a little more “smarts” give the caffeine free drinks a test in your own bathroom. You’ll probably be pleasantly surprised when you make the test.
Oh, the “Principle of the single differential”. When you make any of these intake tests, try to do everything else the same, except for the item you’re testing. If you have two differentials (variables) in your life style, you won’t be able to tell which one made the difference, if there is a difference. It’s an old principle from the physical sciences but it works.
If you drink caffeine fluids, take the test. Try the caffeine free types for a week, doing nothing else different. One BPH patient said it cut his nocturia risings down from two a night to one. After a few weeks you’ll even forget what the caffeine laced drink tasted like.
Don’t forget that many of the current pain pills for headaches, colds and hay fever also contain caffeine. While these aren’t taken often, you might look for some that don’t have caffeine in them, such as the ibuprofen medications.
Jul
7
WHAT PROBLEMS CAN EXTREME PROSTATE
ENLARGEMENT CAUSE?
Silent Prostatism. Sometimes the prostate will enlarge and there are none of the usual symptoms. The urethra continues to close but somehow the man simply doesn’t realize the problem or decides that he’s just getting old and the “water works” sometimes doesn’t work right for him.
If this condition builds and builds, more and more urine can be left in the bladder that can’t be expelled in urination. This can result in a serious problem. The patient will become excessively tired and feel weak, he will be irritable and could suddenly collapse or even lapse into a coma.
When large amounts of urine are left in the bladder and it isn’t strong enough to expel the liquid through a narrowing urethra, serious damage can occur. This can lead to a serious backflow pressure of the urine on the kidneys. At the most serious, such a problem can cause kidney failure and a quick death.
In cases like this the patient needs to get to a hospital quickly so a catheter can be used to drain the bladder. With the emptying of the bladder, the patient will feel much better almost at once. Then the doctors will watch to see if any permanent damage was done to the kidneys and if so what additional treatment might be needed.
Depending on the seriousness of the situation, the patient’s normal kidney function should come back after a week to three months. At that time the prostate should be checked for size to see if prostate surgery or some other treatment is required.
CONGESTION OF THE PROSTATE
Sometimes after normal BPH symptoms in a patient, an urologist will find only a moderately enlarged prostate but one that is mildly congested. There often is no sign of infection. Typically there might be a minor amount of urine that can’t be drained from the bladder during urination.
Often there will be some form of obstruction at the bladder outlet which also restricts bladder emptying.
At this point there is no major problem for the patient and he would be put on a maintenance program to have his prostate checked regularly.
As the prostate grows and the bladder muscles are forced to work harder and harder to push the urine through the narrowing urethra, the bladder can become fatigued. In some cases the bladder will simply quit functioning and urine buildup occurs in the bladder.
This can form a place where bacteria can grow and multiply rapidly. When this happens the patient feels a burning pain when he urinates. Sometimes the urine will have a bad odor and traces of blood can show in the urine.
A danger here is urinary infection, which is usually signalled in the patient by a burning sensation when urinating, chills or fever and the intensification of his regular BPH symptoms.
Here, as in other early symptoms of BPH, the patient may go for several years without any more serious problems than his minor BPH problems.
On the other hand the congestion may increase, and if this happens the patient’s urologist may suggest a prostate massage. Here the prostate is massaged digitally through the rectum and the congested fluid is expelled. This makes the heaviness vanish and a more normal life returns.
The urologist may suggest that a patient have regular prostate massages to relieve the congestion. Or it may be relieved by regular ejaculations through intercourse or masturbation.
Some urologists never recommend repeated prostatic massages. But all suggest in situations like this that the patient should avoid long periods of exposure to intense cold weather, should avoid most spicy foods, should sharply reduce the use of alcoholic beverages, should avoid antihistamines, and they recommend the patient to take warm baths often.
Any shift or intensifying or change in symptoms of the BPH should be reported to the patient’s physician or urologist at once.
Jul
7
EXAMINATIONS TO CONFIRM BPH
The first exam will be the digital one. Since the prostate is right next to the rectum, it can be palpitated. In this slightly uncomfortable digital exam, the doctor is checking to see if your prostate feels enlarged. He is also finding out if there are any hard spots or lumps or nodes on the two lobes he can touch.
The healthy prostate is smooth, elastic and about the size of a walnut. If there is BPH, the prostate will still feel about the same way but it will be obviously enlarged.
Most urologists say that a digital examination can’t confirm 100 per cent the presence of BPH. They point out, however that with such an exam showing the prostate is soft and rubbery, that there is an enlargement outward of two of the prostate lobes, and that the patient reports three symptoms of BPH, there is sufficient evidence to diagnose BPH.
In the fast paced routines in many HMO’s these days, a patient with these workups may very well be told he has BPH, be shown a video tape concerning the problem, and be told what to do to make living with the condition easier.
He’ll be told that in the early stages of BPH, a patient is not a good candidate for surgery or other regular treatment. Rather he will be put on a “maintenance” program where he is checked by a urologist yearly for any progress of the condition.
Many doctors and urologists say this is the proper course of care. They show histories of men in their fifties who have been on maintenance care for ten, even fifteen years before the prostate enlarged to such a point that surgery or one of the new treatments was necessary.
Another test your urolgist may make is a peak flow test. This can be done with an instrument that will record the flow much as the charts below show.
The first chart shows a more or less normal rate of flow with a peak about half way through and stopping quickly. The lower chart shows a much weaker flow and over twice to three times the length of time. This usually means some serious blockage in the urethra and the urologist will want to follow up with other tests.
Some urologists use a stop watch and a timed urination into a glass to approximate the same results.
25 ml/s Flow Rate
Results of UROFLOWMETRY
T100 17 s
TO 17 s
TOmax 7 s
Qmax 24.0 ml/s
Qave 14.1 ml/s Vcomp 247 ml
0 10 20 s
25 ml/s Flow Rate Results of UROFLOWMETRY
I
T100 60 s
TO 51 s
TQmax 8 s
Qmax 10.2 ml/s
Qave 4.1 ml/s Vcomp 211 ml
I T I
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 s
ARE ANY OTHER TESTS AVAILABLE?
Yes, there are several other tests that urologists can use with the prostate. Some of these are used when prostatic cancer is suspected.
However, since some ten percent of all surgery done to relieve BPH results in finding early stages of prostatic cancer development, some men ask for additional tests. They want to make sure that their prostate is not cancerous as well as having BPH.
These tests in effect become Negative Testing, to assure the patient that there is no cancer in the prostate lobes that can’t be felt by the digital exam.
One of these routines is a simple blood test called the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test. If this test shows an elevation of the antigen, it is a positive factor that cancer possiblyy is present in the prostate. A companion test, the PAP test for prostatic acid phosphatase, may show if the cancer has spread outside the prostate to other parts of the body.
A biopsy could be performed on the prostate, but it would be done only if the doctor found hard lumps and suspected spots on the outer lobes when he examines them digitally.
ULTRASOUND TESTING
One of the newer tools of the urologist is the use of ultrasound. This is sometimes called sonography. It simply uses high-frequency sound waves to examine a specific part of the body and make a record of it.
The record can be a sonogram on special film or on paper, or the whole process can be recorded on video tape for critical examination later, and as a record for comparison later of any growth or changes or condition of the examined areas.
The test is quick, simple and painless. A wand instrument called a transducer is passed back and forth over the area being examined. The wand transmits sound waves that are echoed back to it much like a radar does.
The echoes are electronically transmitted to the recording or viewing device.
When examining the bladder and prostate with ultrasound, the bladder needs to be full of urine. Then the test is repeated after the man has urinated to see what urine remains in the bladder.
Ultrasound is becoming more and more popular with urologists and most hospitals have it available. Many urologists now have ultrasound capability as a part of their office equipment for use when needed.
Another use of the ultrasound system is called a transrectal probe. It can be used in conjunction with a surface sonogram.
Many urologists recommend the transrectal. In this test a probe, covered with a rubber balloon which is then filled with water, is inserted into the rectum. This creates an ultrasonic image of the prostate and bladder area that can be recorded and at the same time viewed on a screen.
Some urologists say the transrectal sonogram will show many false leads that are not really cancer. Others say it is a fine method to determine if there is an area that seems to be a cancer and calls for more investigation.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
MRI is an expensive testing method that is painless and quick and can produce a three-dimensional cross section of any part of the body. Users say it is even more detailed than the images produced by a CAT scan.
This test is non-invasive and has no radiation. It uses radio waves in a magnetic field to produce the picture. This test is almost always done in a large hospital.
These days, all testing is expensive. If you have the three-symptom case of BPH, and the digital examination has led to a diagnosis by the physician that as far as he can feel there is no sign of cancer, then it is up to you to decide if you wish to have any more tests to prove to yourself that you are cancer free. Some of these tests, such as ultrasound, are not covered by some of the insurance companies.
One patient was adamant about receiving more tests. He had the three symptom BPH, felt fine, but had a friend who was dying of prostatic cancer. It was well worth it to him to have a $200 sonogram taken that showed no noticeable sign of cancer in his prostate. He was still concerned about the 10 percent of BPH surgery that reveals prostatic cancer. His doctor pointed out to him that such surgeries were performed at a much later point in life than he was. The doctor also said that such BPH problems were much farther developed and had been growing for a greater length of time than his had.
He understood the logic of the urologist. He had been living with his BPH for only about five years. He left the office but a week later called for another appointment. When he came in he said he wanted to take the two blood tests that could reveal the presence of cancer in the prostate, the PAP and PSA tests. Both were made and both showed up negative. Another sign that he did not have prostatic cancer.
The patient was now convinced. He told the urologist that he was not showing disrespect for his qualifications or his skills, but he wanted a little more assurance that he didn’t have cancer than the simple digital examination by the doctor.